Correction and Retraction Policy

JKB maintains the integrity of the scholarly record in accordance with COPE Retraction Guidelines:

• Correction (erratum/corrigendum) is issued for errors that affect part of an article but do not invalidate its findings.
• Expression of concern is issued when an investigation is ongoing or evidence is inconclusive.
• Retraction is issued for serious errors, fabricated or falsified data, plagiarism, duplicate publication, or unethical research.

Retracted articles remain accessible but are marked "RETRACTED" on every page, and a retraction notice linked to the original article states the reason. Authors may withdraw a manuscript before publication by written request; withdrawal after acceptance requires a justified reason approved by the editor.